THE ACUTE TOXICITY OF METHANOLIC EXTRACT OF EURYCOMA LONGIFOLIA JACK ROOTS AND HISTOPATHOLOGIC CHANGES OF RAT VITAL ORGANS

Abstract

The acute toxicity of methanolic extract of Eurycoma longifolia Jack roots have been studied on rats. The study was based on increasing used of E. longifolia Jack roots for maintaining health and treatment by the people. This experimental study used “completely randomized design” and 30 rats were divided in 5 groups (n = 6 each group) for treated and control group. The rats were given tested extract with a single dose 0; 25; 75; 225; 625 mg/kg BW/day orally. The observed parameters were the fifty percent of lethal dose, its influences on toxicological profile, the development of body weight and mortality. The microscopic observation of vital organ (kidney, stomach, and liver) have been done on fifteenth day. The results of acute toxicity test after giving the single dose extract to males and females rats showed that the fifty percent of lethal dose (LD50) is 7498.94 mg/kg BW, orally. The increasing of body weight was shown on dose 75 mg/ml and 225 mg/kg BW. Hematoxylin-eosin stain was used to evaluate the histopathologic changes of rat vital organs (kidney, liver , heart, stomatch) and showed the apparent change on dose 675 mg//kg BW like necrosis. The symptom of toxicity were shown on dose 225 and 675 mg//kg BW such as depression, shallow breath, convulsion, coma and then died.